如何搭建 Maven 私服

24 February 2019

Sonatype Nexus 是一个免费的包管理器，包含Maven/Java, npm, NuGet, RubyGems等，这里我们通过它来管理 jar 包。

安装配置Sonatype Nexus

# 下载
# https://www.sonatype.com/nexus/repository-oss-download
wget https://sonatype-download.global.ssl.fastly.net/repository/repositoryManager/3/nexus-3.14.0-04-unix.tar.gz
tar -xzf nexus-3.14.0-04-unix.tar.gz
mv nexus-3.14.0-04 /opt/nexus

# 创建 nexus.service
vim /etc/systemd/system/nexus.service

####
[Unit]
Description=nexus service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/opt/nexus/bin/nexus start
ExecStop=/opt/nexus/bin/nexus stop
User=nexus
Restart=on-abort

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
####

# 启动 service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable nexus.service
sudo systemctl start nexus.service

编辑Maven的配置文件settings.xml(Linux中路径为/usr/share/maven/conf/settings.xml)，添加服务器的账号密码(默认为账号为admin，密码为admin123)。

<server>
      <id>maven-snapshots</id>
      <username>${NAME}</username>
      <password>${PASSWORD}</password>
</server>

在项目的pom.xml中添加服务器地址（即可通过 mvn deploy 发布jar包）。

<distributionManagement>
        <repository>
            <id>maven-releases</id>
            <name>Maven Release Repository</name>
            <url>http://${IP}:${PORT}/repository/maven-releases/</url>
        </repository>
        <snapshotRepository>
            <id>maven-snapshots</id>
            <name>Maven Snapshot Repository</name>
            <url>http://${IP}:${PORT}/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
        </snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>

常见问题

1. Cannot run program “gpg”

安装 GnuPG 即可, 如 “macOS” 安装: brew install gnupg

2. 签名

Gpg服务器列表:

SKS Keyservers: Status pages

上传公钥到Gpg服务器:

gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.co.uk --send-key [userid]

Gpg签名时报signing failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device错误，执行：

export GPG_TTY=$(tty)

3. 仓库镜像配置

官方文档: Using Mirrors for Repositories

mirrorOf 根据 repository.id 进行配置, 项目内部配置仓库信息后，mirrorOf 中配置该 id 即可让镜像只对该仓库生效，!id 即为忽略该仓库

    <settings>
      ...
      <mirrors>
        <mirror>
          <id>other-mirror</id>
          <name>Other Mirror Repository</name>
          <url>https://other-mirror.repo.other-company.com/maven2</url>
          <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        </mirror>
      </mirrors>
      ...
    </settings>

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